Average Students Research Articles

Exploring the Efficacy of Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Students’ Academic Performances

Predicting students' academic success in tertiary institutions in terms of determining accurately whether a student will be a top 10 in his class, an average student or a dropout is a significant issue in higher education. Therefore, to predict the behavior of a learner, many data mining techniques are used, such as clustering, classification, and regression. In this paper, students’ academic performance prediction model and new features are introduced that have a great influence on student’s overall academic achievement. Twenty features were considered from the dataset obtained from about 200 students using questionnaire and information from the institutions database. The Naive Bayes classifier was used and the experiment was carried out in a WEKA implementation workbench. The attributes were first analyzed for relevance, the analysis showed that a student’s first semester grade point average (GPA) has the highest relevance followed by friends’ study affinity, learning facilities, private home lesson, gender and available transport facilities. One hundred and sixty-nine (169) students’ records were used for the analysis, the model recorded 162 instances that were correctly classified which translates to 95.86% accuracy and incorrectly predicted 4.142%. The experiment showed an excellent performance from the Naive Bayes classifier in predicting the dataset correctly Keywords: Educational Data Mining, Students' Performance Management, Tertiary Institutions, Classification, Naive Bayes Classifier. Agwi, C.U. & Akpojaro, J. (2024): Exploring the Efficacy of Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Students’ Academic Performances. Journal of Advances in Mathematical & Computational Science. Vol. 12, No. 1. Pp 53-66. Available online at www.isteams.net/mathematics-computationaljournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/MATHS/V12N1P6

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL PEMBELAJARAN PENATALAKSANAAN ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PERSALINAN

This study aims to produce and develop an audio-visual learning media for helping teachers in Management Midwifery Care Delivery of Kala I, II, III and IV. By adapting Borg and Gall’s model (1983), procedures of development includes (1) analysis of the problem, (2) the collection of data, (3) mendesai products, (4) validation of design, (5) revision of design, (6) test cuba products, (7) revision of products, (8) the trial use, (9) revision of the product, and (10) product period. The results of this study as a whole is a product that is developed on both criteria, the following details (1) media Validator gives a value of 4 which means the product at a good level, (2) Validator of material with a value of 4.5 which means that both products are at good levels based on material elements, (3) The response of students about media fascination that was developed had an average score of 4.14 on testing a small group, is included in both criteria. Response field or group of students scored 4.25 grade categorized as good, (4) The trial results showed that the average pre-test students for field trials in the pre-test class IIA shows the average value of 56.7 and mean average post-test grade 76 at IIC pre-test showed 54.48. post-test showed the value of 64.83 calculated on a simple learning outcomes of students with a 10,5 difference between class IIA to IIC This figure shows that the product can provide the difference in student learning Study abroad and thoroughness. In the normal group based on these data we can conclude that audiovisual media learning midwifery care delivery based on the criteria of both the validity and effectiveness of student response and teacher audio visual media users midwifery management of labor. Kata kunci: Audio Visual Media, Learning Management Midwifery Care Delivery

Variables influencing students' course quality evaluation: A cross-sectional study for a bachelor's degree dental program.

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate and predict variables that influence the Students' Course Evaluation Surveys (SCES) in a bachelor's degree of dental medicine and surgery program. Data from the Faculty of Dental Medicine for the academic year 2021-2022 were analyzed including 39 course reports, students' course evaluation surveys, students' academic performance data, and the program specification. The survey contains 24 statements that evaluate five main domains of the courses, which are course syllabus, staff performance through the course, course learning resources, course execution, and course quality. Chi-squared Test revealed no significant association between the total average students' evaluation score of the course against factors such as student's level, term, main mode of instruction, course category, department, and course director's gender, academic experiences, and nationality. On the other hand, pairwise comparisons revealed that grades from A+ to C were predictors of the total average SCES scores (p ≤ 0.004). Using the Paired Samples T-Test, the student's evaluation scores for their course were found to be significantly higher for females than males (mean±SD=50.56±24.3 vs. 41.00±26.3, p=0.042). Using Pearson correlations, results showed a significant association of total average students' course evaluation scores against factors such as average course syllabus, staff performance, course learning resources, course execution, and course quality (p<0.001). Average course syllabus, staff performance, course learning resources, course execution, and course quality are major predictor variables that influence SCES scores in the examined program. Enhancing these domains will be of great importance to improve the quality of the courses at the dental bachelor level.

Penerapan Metode Brainstorming dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih di Madrasah Aliyah Al-I'dadiyyah Bahrul Ulum Tambakberas Jombang

Fiqh lessons are integrated between the life of the world and the hereafter. This study aims to determine the understanding of improvement, supporting factors and inhibiting factors of fiqh using the Brainstorming method at Madrasah Aliyah Al I'dadiyyah Bahrul Ulum Tambakberas Jombang. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. To obtain the data needed in research, researchers used observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research on the Brainstorming method are effective in teaching and learning activities because they are able to increase deep understanding and memory of the material that has been studied, because they are active in voicing opinions. Between listening and speaking, students will understand better by expressing their own opinions, because it is in accordance with the thoughts of each student. The advantages of Brainstorming are being able to make students more active in expressing their opinions according to what they understand, while the disadvantages of students in this method are that they do not immediately know whether their opinion is right or wrong. Then the increase in students' understanding of fiqh subjects in the Brainstorming method can be seen from the results of distributing questionnaires to students, and based on the results that the average student is able to apply the Brainstorming method to fiqh subjects, because the Brainstorming method helps students to easily absorb subjects.

ZERO WASTE REVOLUTION: TRANSFORMING SCHOOLS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY

This research aims to evaluate the implementation of the Zero Waste program and environmental literacy among secondary school students in West Lampung. The research method used is a mixed method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, multiple choice test questions, questionnaire tests, and documentation. The research results show that the Zero Waste program in schools applies the 5R principle (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Rot). The implementation of this zero waste program has a positive impact on environmental literacy and on students' lives. Students' environmental knowledge and cognitive skills are in the medium category, while students' attitudes and behavior towards the environment are in the high category. The average student environmental literacy in the medium category. Thus, this research shows that the Zero Waste program has a positive impact on students' environmental literacy.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS AUDIO VISUAL MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI FILMORA PADA MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI MATERI FLORA DAN FAUNA DI INDONESIA DAN DUNIA SMA NEGERI 1 DULUPI

This research is research into the development of audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application. This research aims to produce audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application on flora and fauna material in Indonesia and the world. This research uses a development research method using the ADDIE model as an approach in compiling learning media. In this research there are 5 stages, namely the analysis stage, design stage, development stage, implementation stage and evaluation stage. The results of the development research were obtained from the validator assessment results which showed that this learning media was declared suitable for use and very valid. The assessment given to each statement is as follows: from product design expert validation it is declared very valid with a rating result of 84%, from material/content experts it is declared very valid with a rating result of 91.1% and the learning expert in this case is a geography teacher declared very valid with a rating result of 90.3% and the average student response to learning media was 89.1%, which means it was classified as very good media. The conclusion of this research is that audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application developed by researchers is declared suitable for use in the learning process.

Revitalizing Quranic and Fiqh Education: The Endeavor of An-Najah Ihya’ As-Sunnah Foundation

The purpose of this community devotion program is as follows: 1) improve the ability to read the Qur'an and memorize Surah Al-Kahfi verses 1-7, 2) teach theory and practice in the implementation of prayer, as well as 3) provide the theories and introductions about mahram to pupils at the middle school level. The method used in community service at the An-Najah Foundation is Community-Based Research (CBR), a collaboration between the community and higher education institutions, with an action-oriented approach and application of service learning to support social movements to create social justice. The results of this activity in the first cycle show that most students still have difficulties understanding and following the activities carried out because the materials taught are still new to them. However, after the second cycle, the results show that: 1) average students can read the Quran and memorize Surah Al-Kahfi paragraphs 1-7, 2) average students understand the theory and practice of prayer, and 3) average students have an understanding of the theories and knowledge of Mahram.

It counts in every single lesson: Between- and within-person associations of teaching quality and student self-regulation

BackgroundThe significant influence that classroom interactions have on the development of students' self-regulation has been acknowledged for a long time. Nonetheless, past research has emphasised their impact on differences in self-regulation amongst students, without considering intra-individual variations. AimsWe examined whether there is a link between average and lesson-level student-perceived teaching quality, which includes student support, classroom management and cognitive activation, and student self-regulation in individual lessons. Moreover, we investigated whether the magnitude of the associations depended on students' dispositional self-regulation. SampleWe analysed data collected from 61 students (recruited sample N = 64 students; Mage = 11.71, SDage = 0.93). MethodsParticipants completed a baseline questionnaire (demographics, dispositional self-regulation) as well as 15 daily diaries in which they reported on their own self-regulation and the perceived quality of teaching in the last lesson of the day. ResultsThe findings revealed positive associations between student support and classroom management, both at the average and lesson level, and student self-regulation in individual lessons. No associations were found between the average and lesson level cognitive activation and students' self-regulation in individual lessons. The aforementioned associations were not moderated by students' dispositional self-regulation. ConclusionsThe findings emphasise the importance of student-perceived teaching quality at both the average and lesson-level for student self-regulation in individual lessons.

Особенности проявления нейродинамических и когнитивно-личностных показателей иностранных студентов в процессе адаптации к условиям обучения в вузе

Foreign students have to adapt to new linguacultural academic environment. The adaptation process affects their neurodynamic, cognitive, and personal indicators. The research involved such psychophysiological parameters as nervous system lability, visual-motor reactions, memory scope, and attention span. The paper introduces the personality profile of an average foreign student, as well as substantiates the importance of neurodynamic, cognitive, and personal indicators during adaptation. In this research, foreign students demonstrated situational rather than personal anxiety, compared with their Russian peers. They developed fatigue associated with poor functional state of the central nervous system. The adaptation peculiarities depended on the nationality: this fact has to be taken into account to optimize adaptation to the new academic environment. The neurodynamic and cognitive features correlated with Russian proficiency. Those that did not speak Russian had poor visual-motor reaction, nervous system lability, memory scope, and attention span, which correlated with maladaptation to the new linguacultural academic environment.

Teaching mathematics in an EFL context at higher education; before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative study

PurposeThis study was done to compare the modes of teaching mathematics in higher education in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The three teaching methods were used as follow: before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The three teaching methods are: (1). Normal on-campus face-to-face teaching and learning activity before the COVID-19 pandemic. (2). Full online teaching and learning activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. (3). Blended teaching and learning activity after the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachOver the last few years, there has been a considerable amount of literature investigating the efficacy of the various delivery modes: on-campus delivery (face-to-face), online delivery and blended learning (hybrid), in helping college students improve their mathematical skills. However, the extent to which one learner learns best has been hotly debated among the researchers. Therefore, this study aims to compare the efficacy of implementing three teaching and learning delivery modes before, while, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: on-campus delivery (face-to-face), online delivery and blended learning (hybrid) on academic achievement in mathematics at a higher education institution in the UAE. The main research question explores whether there is a statistically significant difference (p = 0.05) in students’ academic based on the delivery methods: on-campus face-to-face, online and blended learning. The participants in the study were students from one of the largest higher education institutions in the UAE, and all of them studied the same mathematics course before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Student scores in the three academic semesters were thoroughly compared and analyzed using the ANOVA test to check if there is a significant difference between the three groups followed by a Tukey test to identify the significant difference in favor of which group. The results showed that there were significant differences in the mean scores in the students’ achievement in the mathematics courses favoring the blended learning delivery mode. The findings also show that the students’ achievement in mathematics using the on-campus face-to-face teaching and learning was better than the students’ achievement in mathematics using online teaching and learning delivery modes.FindingsThe main study question was: is there a statistical significant difference at the significance level (a = 0.05) in students’ achievements in mathematics courses at higher education in the UAE, which can be attributed to the method of teaching? The descriptive statistics reveal that the average student’s score in the final exam after the COVID-19 pandemic is 65.7 with a standard deviation of 16.65, which are higher than the average student’s score in the final exam before the COVID-19 pandemic of 58.7 with a standard deviation 20.53, and both are higher than the average students’ score in the final exam during the COVID-19 pandemic 51.8 with standard deviation 21.48. Then, the ANOVA test reveals that there is a statistically significant difference between the three groups in the final exam marks. The researchers used the multiple comparison tests (Tukey test) to determine the difference. The Tukey test reveals that there is a statically significant difference between the average students’ score in the final exam after the COVID-19 pandemic and the average students’ score in the final exam during the COVID-19 pandemic, where p = 0.015 &lt; 0.05 as well as there is a statically significant difference between the average students’ score in the final exam after the COVID-19 pandemic and the average students’ score in the final exam before the COVID-19 pandemic, where p = 0.000 &lt; 0.05 in favor of the average students’ score in the final exam after the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, there is a statically significant difference between the average students’ score in the final exam before the COVID-19 pandemic and the average students’ score in the final exam during the COVID-19 pandemic, where p = 0.016 &lt; 0.05 in favor of the average students’ score in the final exam before the COVID-19 pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThere are several limitations that may reduce the possibility of generalizing the expected results of the current study to students outside the study population: (1) The study is limited to students of a federally funded postsecondary education institution in the UAE, in which most students are studying in their non-native language. (2) The study is limited to the mathematics courses. (3) The achievement test used in the study is a standardized test developed by the college as a cross-campus summative assessment.Practical implicationsThe hybrid education model, also known as blended learning, combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning components. When applied to teaching mathematics in higher education, this approach can have several implications and benefits. Here are some key points supported by references: (1) Enhanced Accessibility and Flexibility: hybrid models offer flexibility in learning, allowing students to access course materials, lectures and resources online. This flexibility can accommodate diverse learning styles and preferences. A study by Means et al. (2013) in “Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning” highlights how blended learning can improve accessibility and engagement for students in higher education. (2) Personalized Learning Experience: by incorporating online resources, instructors can create a more personalized learning experience. Adaptive learning platforms and online quizzes can provide tailored feedback and adaptive content based on individual student needs (Freeman et al., 2017). This individualization can improve student performance and understanding of mathematical concepts. (3) Increased Student Engagement: the integration of online components, such as interactive simulations, videos and discussion forums, can enhance student engagement and participation (Bonk and Graham, 2012). Engaged students tend to have better learning outcomes in mathematics. (4) Improved Assessment and Feedback Mechanisms: hybrid models allow for the implementation of various assessment tools, including online quizzes, instant feedback mechanisms and data analytics, which can aid instructors in monitoring students’ progress more effectively (Means et al., 2013). This timely feedback loop can help students identify areas needing improvement and reinforce their understanding of mathematical concepts. (5) Cost-Effectiveness and Resource Optimization: integrating online materials can potentially reduce overall instructional costs by optimizing resources and enabling efficient use of classroom time (Graham, 2013). (6) Challenges and Considerations: despite the benefits, challenges such as technological barriers, designing effective online materials and ensuring equitable access for all students need to be addressed (Garrison and Vaughan, 2014). It requires thoughtful course design and continuous support for both students and instructors. When implementing a hybrid education model in teaching mathematics, instructors should consider pedagogical strategies, technological infrastructure and ongoing support mechanisms for students and faculty.Originality/valueThe research is the first research in the UAE to discuss the difference in teaching mathematics in higher education before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Designing Vibrant-Pop as A Medium for Teaching the Time Telling to the Seventh Grade Students

This research was conducted to design a Pop-up book; an additional medium tohelp English teaching-learning in seventh grade Putussibau, especially in time-telling material. The method of this research is developmental research. The research technique is divided into analysis, design, and development also known as ADD. The findings of the research showed that the seventh-grade students’ ability to recite the time-telling material fluently is below average and most students need an additional medium that is stimulate students’ learning enthusiasm in time-telling material. The goal of this study is to design an innovative pop-up book. The researcher designed Vibrant-pop to encourage the students. The designed product was completed regarding the needs. The Vibrant-pop is designed with function responsiveness, and ease of use. To sum up, Vibrant-pop was discovered to help support the teaching and learning of time-telling material to seventh-grade students. Keywords: Development Research, Vibrant-pop,Time Telling-Material.

Konseling SD Negeri dalam Rangka Pencegahan Diare pada Anak untuk Hidup Sehat dan Bahagia di Kabupaten Maros

The government program launched on Clean and Healthy Living Behavior is a collection of behaviors practiced by school residents and the school community on the basis of awareness as a result of learning. This aims to change the unhealthy behavior of school residents and the school community to become healthy. Where diarrhea is a condition characterized by increased frequency and decreased consistency of defecation. Diarrhea is often experienced by school children due to the behavior of children who do not understand about clean and healthy living. Several factors that cause diarrhea are caused by bacteria through contamination of food and drink contaminated with feces and/or direct contact with sufferers. Apart from that, the most dominant factors contributing to diarrheal diseases are water, sanitation hygiene, family latrines and water. Distance to drinking water sources, availability and ownership of toilets are risk factors for causing diarrhea. It is hoped that there will be changes in the clean and healthy living behavior of school residents and unhealthy school environment communities so that they become healthy. This service aims to find out and analyze the determinants of diarrhea in children at SDN Maros Regency. This service was carried out using survey and interview methods among residents of SDN Maros Regency with a total of 61 participants. The results of this service showed that the participants were very enthusiastic at all stages of this activity, starting from the interview stage (pre-test) which showed that the participants did not fully know about preventing diarrhea. One proof of the success of this activity is seen from the post-test results, on average students answered questions related to preventing diarrhea correctly. This shows that there has been an increase in students' knowledge about diarrhea compared to when there was no explanation about diarrhea in children.

Implementasi Algoritma C4.5 Untuk Mengukur Tingkat Kepuasan Mahasiswa yang Berlangganan Wifi Indihome

The urgency of research on satisfaction levels is closely related to the success and desires of a business or organization. Without a good understanding of customer satisfaction, a company or organization may lose market share, face declining sales, or even face failure. Therefore, this research must be carried out regularly and continuously. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of customer satisfaction and to determine the dominant service quality that influences the quality of service provided by PT Telkom Indihome to customers. In this research, researchers used the C4.5 Algorithm data mining technique. The research data source used was by making observations and distributing questionnaires to customers of PT Telkom Pematangsiantar City. In this case, researchers used assessment attributes, namely service quality, accessibility and product quality. This research is expected to provide information and input to PT Telkom Indihome in the form of evaluations in improving network quality. The results of the research conducted by the author obtained the following conclusion, namely that Data Mining with the C4.5 Algorithm can classify the measurement of satisfaction levels of STIKOM Tunas Bangsa students who subscribe to Indihome WiFi. The accuracy results obtained by this research were 75.00% with the average student who subscribed to Indihome WiFi stating that they were satisfied.

Graduate instructors navigating the AI frontier: The role of ChatGPT in higher education

This research study explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in undergraduate assessments, specifically focusing on the ability of graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) to identify AI-generated assessments and the performance of ChatGPT, an AI model, in producing high-quality work. The study examines four guiding research questions and hypotheses related to the accuracy of GTA identification, the achievement of AI-generated work compared to student marks, the impact of GTA characteristics on identification accuracy, and the variation in identification and assessment across different subject areas. The study incorporates ten AI-generated assessments across seven classes taught by five GTAs. The findings reveal that ChatGPT consistently excelled the average student in all classes receiving 10 scores of A or higher out of 11 and receiving the top mark in 8 of the ten classes. GTAs accurately identified 50 % of the AI-generated assessments, with results suggesting a potential connection between class size and GTA accuracy in identifying AI-generated work. GTAs with prior experience and familiarity with ChatGPT demonstrated higher accuracy in identifying AI-generated assessments. However, further research is needed to explore this comprehensively. This study also reviews the effectiveness of TurnItin's new AI detector, highlighting an accuracy of 92 % across the ten assessments. The study highlights the adaptability of ChatGPT across different subject areas and assessment types, producing assessments that align with diverse educational contexts.In conclusion, this research study contributes to understanding the effectiveness and adaptability of AI in undergraduate assessments. It underscores the need to further explore and develop AI technologies in education.

Consumption of Spicy Food and Caffeinated Drinks in Culinary Concentration PKK Students

The aim of this research is to describe the consumption of spicy food and caffeinated drinks among PKK Culinary Concentration students based on research indicators. The indicators in this research are the type of food and drink, the amount of food and drink and the frequency of consumption of the food and drink. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive, the data source in this research is PKK students with a culinary concentration, totaling 114 respondents. The data collection technique used was to fill out a questionnaire (google form) to obtain complete and clear information about the consumption of spicy food and caffeinated drinks among PKK students with a culinary concentration. The research results show that on average PKK Culinary Concentration students consume spicy food with a frequency of 1-2 times/week (43%) with the amount consumed being 1 portion (79%) and how to get it. food is by buying it (78%). ), while the average consumption of caffeinated drinks with a frequency of 1-2 times/week is (35%) with consumption of 1 serving is (70%) and the way to get this food is to buy it (56%). From the research results, it can be interpreted that the consumption of spicy food and caffeinated drinks among PKK Culinary Management Concentration students is still within safe limits. 

The effect of the family environment, school environment, and community environment on students' independence through distance learning

This research aimed to investigate the effect of the three education centers on students' independence through distance learning. This study used a quantitative approach using a correlational survey method. This study involved 2263 students from Banten Province, Indonesia, who were selected using random cluster sampling. Research data was collected through independent learning questionnaires and family, school, and community environments. All data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the descriptive statistical analysis show that the average score of female students' learning independence (96.45) is higher than the average score of male students' learning independence (93.38) through distance learning, and the average junior high school students’ learning independence score (95.81) is higher than the average score of learning independence for high school/equivalent students (93.42) and tertiary institutions (94.21) through distance learning. While the results of inferential statistical testing show that in the implementation of  distance learning, (1) the family environment has a significant positive influence on independence learning, (2) the school environment has no significant effect on independence learning, and (3) the community environment has a significant positive effect on learning independence. The findings can have implications for the assessment form in the learning process, which is not only the learning achievement from the content assessment but can also use another form, such as students’ independence, like in these findings.

Response to: ‘Signals, Educational Decision-Making, and Inequality’: a comment on the formal model by Holm, Hjorth-Trolle, and Jæger

Abstract In this rejoinder, we engage in the discussion raised by Yastrebov (2023) about the assumptions in the theoretical models in Holm et al. (2019) and how the implications of the theory are handled. Our original model proposes that students use signals about academic ability to make inferences about the costs and benefits of different educational options. In particular, we propose that when low-socioeconomic status (SES) student receives a negative information shock in high school, they are more likely to drop out than their high-SES counterparts, and this difference is more pronounced for high-grade point average (GPA) students than for low-GPA students. Here we show that this holds true, despite the arguments raised by Yastrebov (2023).

Peningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Metode Role Playing

The problem in this classroom action research is that the low value of Indonesian through the role playing method can improve the speaking skills of Class V students at SDN 219 Ara, Bonto Bahari District, Bulukumba Regency. Bulukumba. The approach used is a qualitative approach. The type of research used is classroom action research which consists of two cycles, where each cycle consists of two meetings, with activity procedures including planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this study were teachers and fifth grade students at SDN 219 Ara, Bonto Bahari District, Bulukumba Regency. Those who are actively registered in the odd semester of the 2012/2013 academic year have 10 students, consisting of 9 boys and 1 girl. Data collection techniques used are observation, tests and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative analysis. The indicators of the success of this research are the indicators of the process and results of speaking skills. The results show that with the optimal application of the Role Playing method, student learning activities increase, this can be seen in the first cycle being in the medium category because it is seen from the results of the speaking skills test at the end of the first cycle where the average score The average student has not reached the predetermined KKM and in the second cycle is in the very high category. Thus there is an increase in students' speaking skills in Indonesian subjects after the implementation of the Role Playing method can increase.

Development of Integrated Learning Tools for Character Values in Science Subjects in Junior High School

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to provide learning tools along with Student Worksheets that are integrated with character values, to determine student responses to Student Worksheets contained in learning tools, and to determine the effectiveness of Student Worksheets.&#x0D; Methodology: The development procedures used are ADDIE, Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluate, with a research design of one group pretest-postest design. The sample of the study was 33 grade VIII students, Junior High school 17 Jambi City. The instruments used are questionnaires, observation sheets of teacher and student needs, and documentation. The instruments used are obtained by adaptation.&#x0D; Main Findings: The results of the teacher's response obtained an average score of 4 with a good category and the results of the average student response of 4.2 with a good category.  The validation results of material experts and media experts were 3.9, Good category and 4.5, Very Good category, respectively&#x0D; Novelty/Originality of this study: This research integrates character values into a learning tool equipped with Student Worksheets. From this research will help readers to know how to integrate character values into a learning tool.

Impact of bilingualism on language development in 46 Egyptian children

PurposeBilingualism is a common practice around the world. It was believed that bilingualism might affect language development. This study aimed to investigate the impact of bilingualism on language development in a group of Egyptian children.MethodsThe study included 46 children 5–6 years of age recruited from a single American international school in Egypt to ensure all subjects have same socio-economic standard and the same environment to exclude other factors that may affect language development other than bilingualism. The 46 students are average students as per their school report; all children started learning English at the age of 3 years. At home, parents speak Arabic all the time and just label a few objects in English language. Socio-economic data were collected through parents’ interviews; there was no history of delayed language development nor speech and language therapy. Two assessment tools were administered: Preschool Language Scales Fifth Edition (PLS-5) to assess English language and Receptive Expressive Arabic Language Scale (REAL Scale) to assess Arabic language development for the study group, and this tool start age is 5 years.ResultsThe results of the PLS-5 and REAL Scale indicated normal language development of Arabic and English in all children.ConclusionEarly English language learning does not affect Arabic language development in the study group. Both languages are well developed in these children, provided they use Arabic as the primary communication language at home with parents and siblings.